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Vitebsk is a Belarusian city that is the capital of the region of the same name. The city’s history officially dates to 974, when Olga of Kiev is believed to have founded it along the Western Dvina River. The city is first mentioned in 1021, when it was given to the prince of Polotsk. Throughout the 1200s and 1300s, Vitebsk was the capital of the Principality of Vitebsk, which was strategically located on the trade routes between the Baltic and the Black Sea. In 1320, Vitebsk was a dowry when Princess Mary married the Grand Duke of Lithuania, and thereby the city became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
In the following decades, a new castle was built in Vitebsk, whose troops participated in the Battle of Tannenberg in 1410. The city continued to develop and became part of Poland-Lithuania in 1569. In 1593, Vitebsk obtained Magdeburg rights, which it lost again in 1623, when the townspeople rebelled against the proposal to subordinate the Orthodox Church to the Pope in Rome. In 1708, Vitebsk was destroyed during the Great Nordic War, and after a partial reconstruction, the city became part of Russia in 1772 in connection with the partition of Poland.
During the Russian time, Vitebsk was rebuilt in the neoclassicism of the time. The town became the scene of events during the Napoleonic Wars, when the Battle of Vitebsk was fought west of the town in 1812, and Napoleon celebrated his 43rd birthday here. When the Soviet Union was formed, Vitebsk became part of the Byelorussian Soviet Republic. During World War II, Vitebsk was occupied by German troops from 1941 to 1944, when the city was liberated by the Red Army, and during the fighting much of the old town was left in ruins. The city was rebuilt under the first Soviet five-year plan after the war.
Today, Vitebsk is a city with interesting sights. Western Dvina forms a green belt through the city, and along it you can see the Church of the Annunciation of Mary, which was built in the 12th century and which, according to legend, was the place where Alexander Nevsky was engaged to Princess Alexandra of Polotsk. You can also see fine examples of neoclassical architecture such as the city’s town hall from 1775 and the Cathedral of the Virgin Mary. You can also visit the Marc Chagall Museum, which is housed in the artist’s childhood home in the city, and the Vitebsk regional museum with various exhibitions and collections from the region.
Mogilev is a city in eastern Belarus. It is known from 1267, when it was mentioned for the first time. From the 14th century, the city was part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and later of Poland-Lithuania. In the centuries up to the 17th century, Mogilev grew as a city on the east-west and north-south trade routes.
The Polish king had granted the city Magdeburg rights in 1577. The following centuries caused upheavals in Mogilev, which surrendered to Russian forces in 1654 and was ravaged during the Great Nordic War in the early 1700s, when Charles XII’s Swedish troops set fire to the city in 1708.
Smolensk is the largest city in the oblast of the same name. The city is one of the oldest in ancient Russia, and it is known from the year 863. Smolensk relatively quickly became a significant city on trade routes between the north and south and on the connections between the Daugava and Dnieper rivers. The Principality of Smolensk was established in 1054, and the state became one of the most important in the Kingdom of Kiev, and the princes of Smolensk was several times on the throne in Kiev.
Minsk is a capital with beautiful Soviet city planning counting a grand general city plan with imposing quality buildings. Add old churches, green parks, interesting museums and a lovely atmosphere, and then you got some of the experiences that await visitors to the Belarusian city.
Minsk’s location on the large wooded plains has, throughout the city’s history, caused one devastating attack by neighboring countries after another. The city has always recovered, and nowhere else in the world is it possible for visitors to see a 1000 year old city that was almost completely destroyed within the last 100 years and rebuilt with great enthusiasm and efficient Soviet urban planning.
Vitebsk, Belarus[/caption]
Overview of Vitebsk
Vitebsk is a Belarusian city that is the capital of the region of the same name. The city’s history officially dates to 974, when Olga of Kiev is believed to have founded it along the Western Dvina River. The city is first mentioned in 1021, when it was given to the prince of Polotsk. Throughout the 1200s and 1300s, Vitebsk was the capital of the Principality of Vitebsk, which was strategically located on the trade routes between the Baltic and the Black Sea. In 1320, Vitebsk was a dowry when Princess Mary married the Grand Duke of Lithuania, and thereby the city became part of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
Contents: Tours in the city + tours in the surrounding area
Published: Released soon
Author: Stig Albeck
Publisher: Vamados.com
Language: English
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The Debrecen travel guide gives you an overview of the sights and activities of the Italian city. Read about top sights and other sights, and get a tour guide with tour suggestions and detailed descriptions of all the city’s most important churches, monuments, mansions, museums, etc.
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