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Chişinău is the capital of the Republic of Moldova and with approximately 600,000 the largest city in the country. The city was founded in 1438 as a monastic town, and in the 16th century it became part of the Ottoman Empire as the rest of the Moldovan territory. In 1812 it became part of Tsarist Russia.
A large-scale city plan was launched in 1834, and work on wide boulevards, churches and other public buildings was commissioned. After the Russian Revolution in 1917, the Moldovan territory seceded from Russia and from 1918 became part of the Kingdom of Romania.
Today there are many sights; both those from Chisinau’s Soviet era, 19th century churches, museums and some of the parks that make the Moldovan capital a green city. Everything is also within easy walking distance, so you can walk around and enjoy the city and its sights.
There are also good excursion options from Chişinău. If you are interested in seeing cities in other countries and areas, Tiraspol in Transnistria, Odessa in Ukraine and Iași in Romania are obvious places to visit. There are fine sights everywhere. You can also take a closer look at the country’s wine production and colossal wine cellars.
Catedrala Mitropolitană is Chişinău’s Orthodox cathedral, built on the initiative of Archbishop Gavril Bănulescu-Bodoni in the years 1832-1836. The style is period Imperial Russian with a classicist architecture and it was designed by Abram Melnikov.
The cathedral complex consists of the church building itself and the protruding bell tower of the cathedral. The building was included in Chişinău’s first town plan from 1817, where the cathedral was placed as the center of the town. This is also the case today, where the cathedral is located along the main street Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare opposite the Moldovan government building.
The outside of the church is an elegant example from the late classicist era, and inside you can see a beautiful church room with, among other things, some fine frescoes that originate from a restoration work from the period after the Second World War, and an impressive icon wall.
Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare is Chişinău’s main street, named after the famous Moldavian prince Ștefan cel Mare. The street is Chişinău’s main street and central to the cultural, economic and political life and development of the city and the country.
The boulevard has had many names over time. In the 19th century, it was named after Russia’s capital Moscow, after which it was called Aleksandrovskaya and then named after several kings, before in the Soviet Union it was named after the head of state Lenin.
The street is believed to have connected the city to a Russian military camp as early as 1789, and with Chişinău’s town plan from 1834, the street was used as a central axis in the development of the city’s intended new areas, neighborhoods and buildings. That plan was followed, and today the majority of Chişinău’s large and well-known buildings are located along Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare.
After the Second World War, large parts of the street’s buildings were completely or partially in ruins, and it was rebuilt with partly restorations and reconstructions and partly new buildings. Therefore, it is quite a varied street scene, but can be experienced today.
If you take a stroll along the boulevard, you can see, among other things, the Teatrul Național Mihai Eminescu theater at number 79, the Chișinău Town Hall, the Primăria Municipiului Chișinău, at number 83 and the cinema Cinematograful Patria at number 103. In addition, the city’s cathedral, hotels, the country’s government building and a number of ministries and many other prominent constructions.
Muzeul Național de Istorie a Moldovei is Moldova’s great national museum of the country’s history. The museum in Chişinău is housed in a magnificent building in the imperial Russian style from 1837, which was previously used as a lyceum. After an earthquake in 1977, the original building had to be demolished, but fortunately the facade could be reconstructed.
The museum was founded in 1983 as a state museum of the history of the Moldavian Soviet Republic, and today it belongs to the country’s most important museum institutions. The museum’s permanent exhibitions show archaeological finds from, among other things, medieval Moldova and fine themed exhibitions from the history of the country and the region.
Casa-muzeu Aleksandr Pușkin is a museum for the world-famous Russian poet Alexandr Pushkin, who was exiled from Russia for 3 years. He came to Chişinău on September 21, 1820, where he lodged in General Inzov’s house.
It is the same house that is today furnished as Alexander Pushkin’s House and Museum. Pushkin lived in the house for two months and it was opened as a museum in 1948. On a visit, you can learn more about Pushkin’s history in Chişinău and also see the house, which is an example of a house from the city of that time.
Parcul Ștefan cel Mare is a beautifully landscaped park in central Chișinău. It was established from 1818 with its fountains and avenues according to the drawings of the architect and engineer Ozmidov. The major construction works started in 1825, when, among other things, 1,000 acacia trees were planted.
Prominent entrances were also built and two artesian fountains were installed, drawing water from a depth of 13 metres. The garden was completed in its original version in 1835, and you had to pay an entrance fee for a trip here. Today, the park is open to the public and is a good place to meet the Moldovan capital’s population, who often use the green oasis for strolls and relaxation.
Arcul de Triumf din Chișinău is the Chișinău Triumphal Arch, which was erected in 1840-1841 to commemorate Russia’s victory over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War, which took place in the years 1828-1829. The triumphal arch was erected on the initiative of the then governor of Bessarabia.
The height of the arch is 13 meters and it stands in the center of the city on an axis between Chișinău Cathedral and the Government Building of Moldova. The Arcul de Triumf was built with various decorations such as Corinthian columns, classicist elements and a clock on one facade.
Lupa Capitolina means the Capitoline Wolf, and it is a wolf that is today one of Chişinău’s most famous monuments. The wolf is one of the five wolves that Italy presented to Romania at the beginning of the 20th century. The original is kept in the Musei Capitolini in Rome and, like the copies, it depicts a she-wolf being nursed by two human infants.
After receiving the wolves, they were put up in five Romanian cities. It was in Bucharest in 1906, Cluj-Napoca in 1921, Târgu Mureş in 1924, Timișoara in 1926 and Chişinău, then Romanian, in 1921. The Wolf in Chişinău was destroyed in 1940, and 50 years later Romania donated a new copy, and therefore Lupa Capitolina stands today in Moldova.
Teatrul Naţional de Operă şi Balet is the name of Chişinău’s opera house and ballet theater, one of the leading of its kind in the region. The institution was established in the 1940s, while the professional opera was started in the Moldovan capital in 1957.
Built in 1980 during the Soviet era, the Opera House stands as a magnificent stage along the main street Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare, which was named after the Soviet leader Lenin when it opened. There are nice facilities and fountains in front of the building.
Muzeul Național de Artă is the Moldovan national art museum. It was founded in 1939, when the sculptor Alexandru Plămădeală selected 160 Bessarabian and Romanian works for the establishment of the institution and its collections.
The first exhibition was opened in 1939, but during the Second World War the collections that had been evacuated were lost. After the war, works were transferred from major Russian museums, and since then more works have been added to the museum building, which was designed by the architect Alexander Bernardazzi.
Biblioteca Naţională a Republicii Moldova is the national library of the Republic of Moldova, and in doing so the institution is responsible for, among other things, the protection of the written Moldovan cultural heritage. The library was founded in 1940, but its history goes back to 1832, when a similar Bessarabian institution was established.
The National Library of Chişinău is housed in a fine neoclassical building, to which the institution moved in 1961. In front of the building, you can see a statue of the Moldovan poet, Vasile Alecsandri.
Casa Guvernului or the Government Building was built in 1964 as one of the great buildings of the then Moldavian Soviet Republic. The house was the seat of the Council of Ministers of the Moldovan SSR and it was built along the main street Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare.
It was the architect Semion Fridlin who designed the building, where a statue of Lenin was erected in the area in front of the Council of Ministers building. The architecture is typical of public buildings, and today Casa Guvernului is used as the seat of government in the Republic of Moldova.
Clădirea Parlamentului is the name of the Moldovan parliament building, which was built in the years 1976-1979 after designs by Alexander Tjerdantjev and Gregorij Bosenco. It happened then under the Soviet Union, and therefore the Moldovan Parliament was erected as the meeting place of the Central Committee of the Soviet Republic of Moldova.
After Moldova’s independence, the large building became the seat of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova. The construction was done with granite and marble decoration, and there are several halls in the building. The most important is the plenary hall, where the parliament meets and passes the country’s laws.
In 2017, the Muzeul Parlamentului was opened as the Parliament Museum of Moldova. Here you can learn about the institution’s history and function, and there are many effects in the exhibition such as photographs, documents and gifts that have been given to the parliament over the years.
Monumentul Eroilor Comsomolului Leninist is a monument that stands on the great Grigore Vieru Boulevard. It is a monument erected to the Komsomol of the Soviet Union in 1959 as a symbol of the courage of young patriots who fought against the occupation of the country.
It was the architect Naumov and the sculptor Dubinovskij who created the sky-aspiring monument with columns and sculpture groups. It is today one of the preserved monuments from the communist era in Moldova.
Gara Chișinău is Chişinău’s main railway station. It is a beautiful railway construction, which in its original version was opened in 1871. The plans for railways in what was then Bessarabia, however, went back to 1844, when Tsar Nicholas I was presented with the establishment of railways by the governor Mikhail Vorontsov.
The first train arrived in Chișinău from Odessa in 1871, and over the following decades the railway network was continuously expanded in the region, and trains to and from Chișinău were serviced from the station building, which at the time stood as a palatial mansion next to open platform tracks.
The railway station was destroyed several times during World War II battles, and it therefore had to be rebuilt. It happened in 1948, when the current and considerably larger station was built in a richly ornamented style. During the Soviet era and subsequent years, you could take the train from here to, among other places, Romania, Ukraine, Russia and other countries.
Tiraspol is a city beautifully situated on the banks of the River Dniester, and it de facto serves as the capital of Transnistria. Tiraspol’s modern history dates to 1792, when the city was founded by Alexander Suvorov, who was a Russian generalissimo. The city name Tiraspol is a combination of the two Greek words Tyras and polis, where Tyras is the old name for the Dniester and where polis means city.
In 1924, Tiraspol became part of the Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, located on the east side of the Dniester, while most of present-day Moldova west of the Dniester was Romanian. In 1940, the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic became a separate republic within the Soviet Union, and in 1991 the republic declared independence. Soon after, Transnistria declared independence from Moldova, and Tiraspol became the capital of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic.
Bender Fort is the main attraction in the city of Bender/Бендеры, which is the second largest city in the region of Transnistria. As only a small part of Transnistria, Bender and Bender Fort are located on the western bank of the Dniester River. And Bender Fort is located as an outpost in the area facing the river, and it is a historically important fort in the history of the Principality of Moldavia.
The fort’s early years are not known in detail, but it may have been built as early as the 12th century. The fort is known with certainty from the 16th century, where the facility may have been built of wood and earth. In 1538, the Turkish sultan captured the fort, which became the residence of a Turkish administrator. On the same occasion, the Sultan ordered the fortifications to be rebuilt in stone, which was completed in 1541.
Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, the fort was attacked several times by Moldavians and Cossacks, and at the beginning of the 18th century, the Turks expanded the fortress with many bastions and towers. After the Russian victory in the Russo-Turkish wars, Bender Fort came under the Russian Empire, and the fort was set up as barracks.
Bender Fort fell into disrepair from the 1800s because it was not used due to a diminished strategic importance. Today, however, the fort stands again in its former glory after a thorough restoration, which the Transnistrian government in Tiraspol carried out in 2008-2012. There is access to the impressive facility, where there is also a museum which shows and describes the history of the place.
Odessa at the Black Sea is also called the wonder of the South, and it is a unique meeting between Russian-Ukrainian culture and the French Mediterranean atmosphere. The relaxed atmosphere of the city with its many beautiful historic buildings, long and wide avenues and the location by the water makes a visit to Odessa a special experience. A walk along the famous Deribasovskaya street and a visit to the opera are just two of the many highlights.
Many stories are told of the poet Alexander Pushkin, who lived in Odessa in transition. Among other things, he should have planted a tree for every time he was captivated by one of the city’s beautiful women, which is perhaps why Odessa with trees everywhere today is perceived as a particularly green city in the central streets.
Iași is one of Romania’s largest cities, and it has played a significant role in Romanian history. Over the centuries, the city has been a leading cultural city, and it was also the capital of the principality of Moldavia from 1564 to 1859. The city was also briefly the capital of Romania, which was in the years 1916-1918, and therefore the city is one of the symbols of the country.
In Iași, the impressive Palace of Culture stands as the city’s best-known building. The palace is located on the site where the princes of Moldavia had their court, and it is a large extension of a neoclassical residence from the 19th century. Today, the Palace of Culture is a beautiful sight, and since 1955 it has been open as the national museum for Moldavia, so you can get a good impression of Iași’s history here.
Albisoara 4
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Chisinau, Moldova[/caption]
Overview of Chisinau
Chişinău is the capital of the Republic of Moldova and with approximately 600,000 the largest city in the country. The city was founded in 1438 as a monastic town, and in the 16th century it became part of the Ottoman Empire as the rest of the Moldovan territory. In 1812 it became part of Tsarist Russia.
A large-scale city plan was launched in 1834, and work on wide boulevards, churches and other public buildings was commissioned. After the Russian Revolution in 1917, the Moldovan territory seceded from Russia and from 1918 became part of the Kingdom of Romania.
Today there are many sights; both those from Chisinau’s Soviet era, 19th century churches, museums and some of the parks that make the Moldovan capital a green city. Everything is also within easy walking distance, so you can walk around and enjoy the city and its sights.
About the Whitehorse travel guide
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Parcul Ștefan cel Mare is a beautifully landscaped park in central Chișinău. It was established from 1818 with its fountains and avenues according to the drawings of the architect and engineer Ozmidov. The major construction works started in 1825, when, among other things, 1,000 acacia trees were planted.
Prominent entrances were also built and two artesian fountains were installed, drawing water from a depth of 13 metres. The garden was completed in its original version in 1835, and you had to pay an entrance fee for a trip here. Today, the park is open to the public and is a good place to meet the Moldovan capital’s population, who often use the green oasis for strolls and relaxation.
Arcul de Triumf din Chișinău is the Chișinău Triumphal Arch, which was erected in 1840-1841 to commemorate Russia’s victory over the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War, which took place in the years 1828-1829. The triumphal arch was erected on the initiative of the then governor of Bessarabia.
The height of the arch is 13 meters and it stands in the center of the city on an axis between Chișinău Cathedral and the Government Building of Moldova. The Arcul de Triumf was built with various decorations such as Corinthian columns, classicist elements and a clock on one facade.
Lupa Capitolina means the Capitoline Wolf, and it is a wolf that is today one of Chişinău’s most famous monuments. The wolf is one of the five wolves that Italy presented to Romania at the beginning of the 20th century. The original is kept in the Musei Capitolini in Rome and, like the copies, it depicts a she-wolf being nursed by two human infants.
After receiving the wolves, they were put up in five Romanian cities. It was in Bucharest in 1906, Cluj-Napoca in 1921, Târgu Mureş in 1924, Timișoara in 1926 and Chişinău, then Romanian, in 1921. The Wolf in Chişinău was destroyed in 1940, and 50 years later Romania donated a new copy, and therefore Lupa Capitolina stands today in Moldova.
Teatrul Naţional de Operă şi Balet is the name of Chişinău’s opera house and ballet theater, one of the leading of its kind in the region. The institution was established in the 1940s, while the professional opera was started in the Moldovan capital in 1957.
Built in 1980 during the Soviet era, the Opera House stands as a magnificent stage along the main street Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare, which was named after the Soviet leader Lenin when it opened. There are nice facilities and fountains in front of the building.
Muzeul Național de Artă is the Moldovan national art museum. It was founded in 1939, when the sculptor Alexandru Plămădeală selected 160 Bessarabian and Romanian works for the establishment of the institution and its collections.
The first exhibition was opened in 1939, but during the Second World War the collections that had been evacuated were lost. After the war, works were transferred from major Russian museums, and since then more works have been added to the museum building, which was designed by the architect Alexander Bernardazzi.
Biblioteca Naţională a Republicii Moldova is the national library of the Republic of Moldova, and in doing so the institution is responsible for, among other things, the protection of the written Moldovan cultural heritage. The library was founded in 1940, but its history goes back to 1832, when a similar Bessarabian institution was established.
The National Library of Chişinău is housed in a fine neoclassical building, to which the institution moved in 1961. In front of the building, you can see a statue of the Moldovan poet, Vasile Alecsandri.
Casa Guvernului or the Government Building was built in 1964 as one of the great buildings of the then Moldavian Soviet Republic. The house was the seat of the Council of Ministers of the Moldovan SSR and it was built along the main street Bulevardul Ștefan cel Mare.
It was the architect Semion Fridlin who designed the building, where a statue of Lenin was erected in the area in front of the Council of Ministers building. The architecture is typical of public buildings, and today Casa Guvernului is used as the seat of government in the Republic of Moldova.
Clădirea Parlamentului is the name of the Moldovan parliament building, which was built in the years 1976-1979 after designs by Alexander Tjerdantjev and Gregorij Bosenco. It happened then under the Soviet Union, and therefore the Moldovan Parliament was erected as the meeting place of the Central Committee of the Soviet Republic of Moldova.
After Moldova’s independence, the large building became the seat of the Parliament of the Republic of Moldova. The construction was done with granite and marble decoration, and there are several halls in the building. The most important is the plenary hall, where the parliament meets and passes the country’s laws.
In 2017, the Muzeul Parlamentului was opened as the Parliament Museum of Moldova. Here you can learn about the institution’s history and function, and there are many effects in the exhibition such as photographs, documents and gifts that have been given to the parliament over the years.
Monumentul Eroilor Comsomolului Leninist is a monument that stands on the great Grigore Vieru Boulevard. It is a monument erected to the Komsomol of the Soviet Union in 1959 as a symbol of the courage of young patriots who fought against the occupation of the country.
It was the architect Naumov and the sculptor Dubinovskij who created the sky-aspiring monument with columns and sculpture groups. It is today one of the preserved monuments from the communist era in Moldova.
Gara Chișinău is Chişinău’s main railway station. It is a beautiful railway construction, which in its original version was opened in 1871. The plans for railways in what was then Bessarabia, however, went back to 1844, when Tsar Nicholas I was presented with the establishment of railways by the governor Mikhail Vorontsov.
The first train arrived in Chișinău from Odessa in 1871, and over the following decades the railway network was continuously expanded in the region, and trains to and from Chișinău were serviced from the station building, which at the time stood as a palatial mansion next to open platform tracks.
The railway station was destroyed several times during World War II battles, and it therefore had to be rebuilt. It happened in 1948, when the current and considerably larger station was built in a richly ornamented style. During the Soviet era and subsequent years, you could take the train from here to, among other places, Romania, Ukraine, Russia and other countries.
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