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Košice is Slovakia’s second largest city and the regional metropolis in the eastern part of the country. It is a beautiful city located on the river Honrád and relatively close to both Poland, Hungary and Ukraine. The location offers good opportunities for exciting trips in the area.
In the center of Košice there is a lot to see. The well-preserved old town is quite large and with nice variety in the sights. This is where you can see Slovakia’s largest church, the Gothic Saint Elisabeth Cathedral, which stands in the middle of the city.
A stroll down the street Hlavná ulica is a must during a visit to Košice. It runs through the entire city center and many of the city’s beautiful houses in art nouveau and other styles are located here. There are also several churches and many lovely cafes and restaurant for a wonderful break on the walk. It is also nice to see the narrow side streets.
There are many interesting things to see around Košice. The town of Prešov is located to the north, and from here it is not far to the ancient churches on the UNESCO World Heritage List and to the unforgettable and beautiful Tatra Mountains on the border with Poland. A trip to Hungary and Ukraine are also options.
Dóm svätej Alžbety is Košice’s mighty cathedral, which is also Slovakia’s largest church and one of the easternmost Gothic cathedrals in Europe. The church was built 1380-1508 and dedicated to Elisabeth of Thuringia, also known as Elisabeth of Hungary. Elisabeth was born as a Hungarian princess and became one of the most celebrated saints of the Middle Ages in Germany and Hungary.
The dimensions of the church are impressive with a length of 60 meters and a width of 39 meters. The northern tower reaches a height of 59 metres, and throughout the cathedral there are many beautiful architectural details that you can enjoy both externally and internally. The cathedral has a layout where the nave and aisles are crossed in the middle by a transept of the same height and width as the nave, which together form a Greek cross.
Historically, it is believed that there was already a church on this site in the middle of the 11th century. It was a Romanesque church that was later expanded in Gothic architecture. This first church burned in 1380, and that event was the starting point for the construction of the current cathedral. It was built in several phases, and there have also been some alterations after its completion in 1508.
When you visit the cathedral, you can enjoy a beautiful interior with, among other things, the church’s altar from 1474-1477, which is considered one of Slovakia’s finest works of art from the Middle Ages. The altar consists of two decorated wings, each containing six Gothic paintings, and a finely decorated central piece. There are also quite a few other altars worth seeing in the church room.
You can also see the Romanesque-Gothic baptistery from the 14th century. It is the oldest monument preserved in the cathedral. It comes from the old church that was the predecessor of today’s cathedral. Behind the altar there are stained glass windows worth seeing. On the outside, you can notice the Gothic portals and Sigismund’s Tower/Žigmundova veža, which had a rococo top added after a fire in 1775.
Národné divadlo Košice is Košice’s beautiful national theater, centrally located on the main street Hlavná ulica on the site of the city’s medieval town hall. It is the city’s finest stage, and the theater is home to theater productions, ballet performances and operas.
The first theater building on the site was built in 1788, and plays were only performed in German at the beginning and from 1816 also in Hungarian. The theater was closed in 1894, and then the present theater was built 1879-1899 in beautiful Neo-Renaissance with an interior that is as refined as the exterior decoration.
It was the Hungarian architects Adolf Láng and Antal Steinhardt who designed the theatre. It was opened in 1899 and plays were performed only in Hungarian until 1918, when Czech and Slovak actors joined the theater. Since then, the repertoire has developed to also cover opera and ballet in the beautiful setting.
Jakabov Palác or Jakab’s Palace is the name of a large and almost castle-like residence that the architect and builder Péter Jakab built as his home. The architect designed the house in an eclectic style with neo-Gothic elements, and the residence was completed in 1899.
The mansion belonged to Péter Jakab until his death in 1903. When the Jakab family moved from Košice in 1908, they sold the building to Hugo Barkányi. Later, when Košice was liberated by the Soviet army in 1945, the building became a temporary residence for the country’s president, Edvard Beneš, and it became the property of the city.
Hlavná ulica is the name of Košice’s main street. It is a street where you can really experience the city’s architecture, historic buildings and the daily life of the many people who walk here. This is also where the city’s cathedral is located as the center of the street, and where there are many other attractions, shops and restaurants.
The street connects the squares Námestí osloboditeľov and Námestí Maratónu mieru. Large parts of Hlavná ulica are a pedestrian street, and there are several parks and fountains on the street, the city’s music fountain being the most famous.
Hlavná ulica was a square in the Middle Ages, and the outline of the square from that time can still be seen in the street today. The street has also had many names over the years. It was, among other things, named after Vladimir Lenin from 1949 to 1990.
When you take a walk down the main street, you can see the cathedral Dóm svätej Alžbety as the central and dominant building. You can also see the Plague Column Immaculata, erected in 1723, and the beautiful theater building Štátne divadlo Košice as some of the finest constructions.
Immaculata is a plague column erected in 1723 in gratitude for the end of the plague epidemic that ravaged Košice in 1709-1710. The 14 meter high column has a figure of the Virgin Mary on top and statues of Saint Joseph, Saint Sebastian and Saint Ladislaus around the column.
It was the artist Tomas Tornayosi and the sculptor Griming who prepared the base and the sculpture respectively of the monument, which is the city’s most impressive from the Baroque period.
Immaculata is surrounded by a fence, where there are also statues. They were produced by the sculptor Hild and depict Saint Gabriel, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Margaret, Saint Michael and Saint Barbara.
Miklušova väznica is a former prison that was housed in two Gothic houses during the 17th-19th centuries and was used for both the detention of prisoners and for torture. Today, there are historical exhibitions in the buildings that are part of the Eastern Slovak Museum/Vychodoslovenske Muzeum.
The Gothic townhouses date from the 1300s and 1300s, and many years after they were set up as prisons, the houses were named after Franz Miklóssy, who was warden on the site from 1861 to 1889. The prison function ended in 1911, after which the houses were put into use as museum warehouse.
Urbanova veža is a tower that dates back to the 14th century, when it was built as a bell tower for Saint Elisabeth Cathedral/Dóm svätej Alžbety. At that time, the tower was built in Gothic architecture, which changed with a renaissance reconstruction in 1628. Since then, however, Urbanova veža has been rebuilt and reconstructed several times. Arcades were built around the tower at the beginning of the 20th century, and you can see tombstones from the 1300s and 1400s.
The tower is named after Saint Urban’s Bell, which hangs in the tower. With its name, the bell was dedicated to Saint Urban, who was the bishop of Rome and the patron saint of winegrowers. The bell was cast in 1557, and today it can be seen standing in front of the tower. A copy of the original bell has hung in the tower since 1996.
Východoslovenské múzeum, which is the East Slovak Museum in Košice, is a museum where you can take a closer look at interesting exhibits about history, art, archeology and other things from the region. The museum was founded in 1876, making it one of the country’s first museums. Back then it was under the name Det Nordhungarnske Museum/Felső-Magyarországi Muzeum, as the country borders were different at the time.
Východoslovenské múzeum is located in different buildings. The main building was built at the beginning of the 20th century as the first construction for museum purposes in Košice. At the main building on the Námestie maratóncov square, you can see an old wooden church from 1741 that used to stand in the village of Kožuchovce. Today the church stands in a small park. In the museum’s departments, you can enjoy both permanent thematic exhibitions and changing exhibitions.
Stará radnica is Košice’s old town hall, built in 1779-1780. It stands on the city’s main street, and there are distinguished rooms and halls that were supposed to represent the mayor and the city. You can also see Košice’s city coat of arms on the beautifully decorated facade.
There were originally two townhouses on this site from the end of the 13th century. At the beginning of the 17th century, they were connected and used as a town hall until the current building was built. Stará radnica was in use until 1928 as a town hall, and the site is used today for representative purposes.
Kostol svätého Michala is a Gothic church believed to have been built in the 14th century. At the time of construction, the church was a chapel in the cemetery that was on the site of part of Košice’s current main street. The chapel was given the status of a church in 2006, when a necessary reconstruction was completed.
Historically, the small chapel functioned as a Slovak church, while the nearby cathedral was German and Hungarian. Inside you can experience a beautiful church room, where you can see, among other things, a beautiful altar and some fine stained glass windows.
Dolná Brána is a preserved part of Košice’s old fortifications and city walls, which were originally built in the 13th century. Dolná Brána means the Lower Gate, and ruins were excavated in the 1990s and are today open to visitors under the city’s main street, Hlavná ulica.
The underground archeological site was discovered when the pavement on Hlavná ulica was redone, and in that way remnants of the original entrance to the city were accidentally found. Since then, an exciting archaeological museum has been established below street level.
Levoča is a beautiful Slovak town with a preserved city wall, Renaissance buildings and a Gothic church with the world’s highest wooden altar, which was made by the master Paul of Levoča. It is a town known in written sources from 1249, and Levoča was located at the crossroads of several trade routes. Along with various privileges, it brought growth and prosperity to the city.
In the 15th and 16th centuries, Levoča’s development peaked, and many buildings were erected during this period. Later, the development turned, for example, when the railway to Košice was laid around the town in 1871. However, the town’s many old buildings were preserved, and in 2009 Levoča was included in UNESCO’s list of world cultural heritage.
Today, the entire center of Levoča is a unified attraction. The Námestie Majstra Pavla square is the center of the city and here you can see the most famous architectural monuments. Saint Jacob’s Basilica/Bazilika svätého Jakuba and the Old Town Hall, Historická radnica, which dates back to the 15th century, are two of the beautiful buildings here.
Prešov is a city in eastern Slovakia, which was established by German settlers in the years after the Mongol invasion of the region in 1241. In the following centuries, Prešov became an important city for trade, often located on the borderlands between the changing kingdoms of the time, and it developed the city. Later, salt was mined, which strengthened the city’s economy. As a historical curiosity, it was in Prešov that the short-lived Slovak Soviet Republic was proclaimed in 1919.
Today, Prešov is the third largest city in Slovakia, and it has a beautiful old town with cozy streets and nice squares. Along the central street, Hlavná, you can see the church of Konkatedrála svätého Mikuláša, which was constructed in the middle of the 14th century and later rebuilt. There is a square around the church where you can see a beautiful urban space with many fine houses, and this streetscape continues in the side streets in this part of the city.
Spišský hrad is a colossal castle ruin that sits atop a hilltop near the Slovak town of Spišské Podhradie. The castle was built in the 12th century and was the political and administrative center of the Hungarian region of Szepes. The castle was owned by the Hungarian kings until 1464, after which different families owned the castle before it passed to the state in 1945.
Over the centuries, the castle was expanded several times, with the settlement continuously being made larger and more strongly fortified. The last residents left the residence at Spišský hrad at the beginning of the 18th century, and the castle was destroyed by fire in 1780. The castle has been partially reconstructed since then, and it is today included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
Národný park Slovenský raj is a national park whose name means Slovak Paradise National Park, and for good reason. The paradise is a national park with a particularly beautiful and varied nature with countless opportunities for hiking. You can walk on rocks, by lakes and waterfalls and in large forests.
The national park has a size of almost 200 km2, and the first part of the park was already laid out as a nature area in 1890. The name Slovenský raj has been used since 1921, and one of the many natural highlights is the ice cave Dobšinská ľadová jaskyňa, which, together with caves, has UNESCO World Heritage status.
There are several ways to visit Národný park Slovenský raj. Čingov and Podlesok are to the north, and Dedinky is to the south. They are all good starting points for, for example, a hike along the park’s several hundred kilometers of hiking trails. In addition to the interesting ice cave, the canyon Suchá Belá is one of the most visited places.
Vysoké Tatry is the Slovak name for the High Tatras. These are some fantastically beautiful mountains that rise to a height of 2,655 meters with the summit Gerlachovský štít. The mountain range is located on the border between Slovakia and Poland, with the main part in the Slovak nature, and it has 29 peaks that are over 2,500 meters high.
There are many wonderful experiences in Vysoké Tatry, where you can both enjoy the view of the mountains from a distance or go on trips in the area. The towns of Vysoké Tatry and Tatranská Lomnica are good places to start. From Tatranská Lomnica you can take a cable car to a height of 2,634 meters on Lomnický štít, the second highest peak of the mountain range.
With the cable car you can really get up into the heights, but there are also many other nature experiences. Probably the most famous is the mountain lake Štrbské pleso, which lies in an unforgettably beautiful landscape at a height of 1,347 meters above sea level. If you are hiking in Vysoké Tatry, you can also go to Lake Popradské pleso, which is one of the area’s other popular excursion destinations.
Bardejov is a small town that offers a beautiful center with the town’s old market square as its centerpiece. Bardejovs is known from sources dating back to the middle of the 13th century, and over the years the town developed into an important place for trade with Poland, and the town was home to many merchants and craftsmen. This period ended with wars, diseases and other calamities in the 16th century.
From the 18th century, there was growth again in Bardejov, where the old town houses were restored, and where new ones were again built. The industrialization and railways of the 19th century also reached the area, and this gave rise to new growth in Bardejov, which in the year 2000 was included in the UNESCO World Heritage List due to its well-preserved, fortified medieval town.
You can take a nice walk in the center of Bardejov, where the natural center is the market square, which today is called the Town Hall Square/Radničné námestie. Here you can see many characteristic gabled houses, Bardejov town hall and Saint Ægidius Church/Bazilika svätého Egídia, and there are city walls around the area, and you can see them, among other things, west of Radničné námestie.
In the Slovak part of the Carpathians, a number of churches were built in the 1500s and 1800s, which today have the status of UNESCO World Heritage. The churches are beautiful and quite different from place to place, and a trip to the churches is an interesting historical, cultural and architectural experience.
There are a total of nine churches that are part of the world heritage, and the majority of them are located in close proximity to Košice. These are the wooden churches in Hervartov, Ladomirová, Bodružal, Kežmarok and Ruská Bystrá. The churches belong to different congregations, and the church in Hervartov is Roman Catholic, but the one in Kežmarok is Protestant. The remaining churches in Bodružal, Kežmarok and Ruská Bystrá are Greek Catholic.
What most churches have in common is that they are located in rural surroundings. The exception to this is Artikulárny kostol v Kežmarku, located in the middle of the town of Kežmarok. The size of the churches varies, and so does the architecture. If you have the opportunity to visit several of the churches, it is a good idea to experience the cozy church rooms, in which there is a great variety in interior design and decoration.
Moldavská cesta 32
ocoptima.sk
Námestie osloboditeľov 1
auparkkosice.sk
Torýska 5
galeriakosice.sk
Hlavná ulica and side streets
Zoo Košice
Široká 31, Košice-Kavečany
zookosice.sk
Slovenské Technické Múzeum
Hlavná ulica 88
stm-ke.sk
Bobovka
Kavečany 346
bobovadrahake.sk
Detská Historická Železnica
Čermeľská cesta, stanica Čermeľ
detskazeleznica.sk
Tarzania Alpinka
Čermeľské údolie, Sever
tarzania.sk
Aquacity Poprad
Športová 1397, Poprad-Spišská Sobota
aquacity.sk
Kosice, Slovakia[/caption]
Overview of Košice
Košice is Slovakia’s second largest city and the regional metropolis in the eastern part of the country. It is a beautiful city located on the river Honrád and relatively close to both Poland, Hungary and Ukraine. The location offers good opportunities for exciting trips in the area.
In the center of Košice there is a lot to see. The well-preserved old town is quite large and with nice variety in the sights. This is where you can see Slovakia’s largest church, the Gothic Saint Elisabeth Cathedral, which stands in the middle of the city.
A stroll down the street Hlavná ulica is a must during a visit to Košice. It runs through the entire city center and many of the city’s beautiful houses in art nouveau and other styles are located here. There are also several churches and many lovely cafes and restaurant for a wonderful break on the walk. It is also nice to see the narrow side streets.
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Immaculata is a plague column erected in 1723 in gratitude for the end of the plague epidemic that ravaged Košice in 1709-1710. The 14 meter high column has a figure of the Virgin Mary on top and statues of Saint Joseph, Saint Sebastian and Saint Ladislaus around the column.
It was the artist Tomas Tornayosi and the sculptor Griming who prepared the base and the sculpture respectively of the monument, which is the city’s most impressive from the Baroque period.
Immaculata is surrounded by a fence, where there are also statues. They were produced by the sculptor Hild and depict Saint Gabriel, Saint Elizabeth of Hungary, Saint Margaret, Saint Michael and Saint Barbara.
Miklušova väznica is a former prison that was housed in two Gothic houses during the 17th-19th centuries and was used for both the detention of prisoners and for torture. Today, there are historical exhibitions in the buildings that are part of the Eastern Slovak Museum/Vychodoslovenske Muzeum.
The Gothic townhouses date from the 1300s and 1300s, and many years after they were set up as prisons, the houses were named after Franz Miklóssy, who was warden on the site from 1861 to 1889. The prison function ended in 1911, after which the houses were put into use as museum warehouse.
Urbanova veža is a tower that dates back to the 14th century, when it was built as a bell tower for Saint Elisabeth Cathedral/Dóm svätej Alžbety. At that time, the tower was built in Gothic architecture, which changed with a renaissance reconstruction in 1628. Since then, however, Urbanova veža has been rebuilt and reconstructed several times. Arcades were built around the tower at the beginning of the 20th century, and you can see tombstones from the 1300s and 1400s.
The tower is named after Saint Urban’s Bell, which hangs in the tower. With its name, the bell was dedicated to Saint Urban, who was the bishop of Rome and the patron saint of winegrowers. The bell was cast in 1557, and today it can be seen standing in front of the tower. A copy of the original bell has hung in the tower since 1996.
Východoslovenské múzeum, which is the East Slovak Museum in Košice, is a museum where you can take a closer look at interesting exhibits about history, art, archeology and other things from the region. The museum was founded in 1876, making it one of the country’s first museums. Back then it was under the name Det Nordhungarnske Museum/Felső-Magyarországi Muzeum, as the country borders were different at the time.
Východoslovenské múzeum is located in different buildings. The main building was built at the beginning of the 20th century as the first construction for museum purposes in Košice. At the main building on the Námestie maratóncov square, you can see an old wooden church from 1741 that used to stand in the village of Kožuchovce. Today the church stands in a small park. In the museum’s departments, you can enjoy both permanent thematic exhibitions and changing exhibitions.
Stará radnica is Košice’s old town hall, built in 1779-1780. It stands on the city’s main street, and there are distinguished rooms and halls that were supposed to represent the mayor and the city. You can also see Košice’s city coat of arms on the beautifully decorated facade.
There were originally two townhouses on this site from the end of the 13th century. At the beginning of the 17th century, they were connected and used as a town hall until the current building was built. Stará radnica was in use until 1928 as a town hall, and the site is used today for representative purposes.
Kostol svätého Michala is a Gothic church believed to have been built in the 14th century. At the time of construction, the church was a chapel in the cemetery that was on the site of part of Košice’s current main street. The chapel was given the status of a church in 2006, when a necessary reconstruction was completed.
Historically, the small chapel functioned as a Slovak church, while the nearby cathedral was German and Hungarian. Inside you can experience a beautiful church room, where you can see, among other things, a beautiful altar and some fine stained glass windows.
Dolná Brána is a preserved part of Košice’s old fortifications and city walls, which were originally built in the 13th century. Dolná Brána means the Lower Gate, and ruins were excavated in the 1990s and are today open to visitors under the city’s main street, Hlavná ulica.
The underground archeological site was discovered when the pavement on Hlavná ulica was redone, and in that way remnants of the original entrance to the city were accidentally found. Since then, an exciting archaeological museum has been established below street level.
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